The stages of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment are: 1. **Ovarian Stimulation:** Medications are used to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. 2. **Egg Retrieval:** Eggs are surgically retrieved from the ovaries. 3. **Sperm Collection and Fertilization:** Sperm is collected, and the eggs are fertilized in a laboratory. 4. **Embryo Culture:** The fertilized eggs (embryos) are grown in the lab for a few days. 5. **Embryo Transfer:** One or more embryos are transferred into the uterus. 6. **Pregnancy Test:** A blood test is performed about two weeks after the embryo transfer to check for pregnancy.
In vitro treatment is a precisely planned process that includes several main stages. In each of them, careful monitoring of both the expectant mother and the embryo development is necessary. The stages of in vitro treatment - the steps of the therapy are determined individually according to the woman's age, her ovarian reserve, the male factor, and previous treatment experience. The main phases of classical in vitro fertilization are described below.
Main stages of in vitro treatment
Stage 1 – Preparation and Preliminary Assessment
Before starting treatment, all necessary examinations are carried out for both partners. This includes hormonal tests, hysterosalpingography (HSG), ultrasound scans, and sperm analysis. The couple's overall health status is assessed, and an individual treatment plan is developed.
Stage 2 – Ovarian Stimulation
The woman is administered hormonal injections that stimulate the maturation of multiple eggs. The process lasts about 8–12 days. Follicle development is monitored through ultrasound examinations and blood tests.
Stage 3 – Egg Retrieval (OPU)
When the eggs reach the required maturity, they are retrieved under light anesthesia. On the same day, a semen sample is collected from the man. The procedure takes about 15–20 minutes.
Stage 4 – Fertilization and Embryo Development
The collected eggs and sperm are fertilized in a laboratory setting. If necessary, the microinjection method (ICSI) is used. Embryo development is monitored for 3–5 days after fertilization.
Stage 5 – Embryo Transfer
The highest quality embryo is selected and transferred to the uterus. The procedure is painless and lasts about 5–10 minutes. The number of transferred embryos is determined according to the patient's age and condition.
Stage 6 – Maintenance Therapy and Waiting Period
After going through the stages of IVF treatment, the uterus is supported with progesterone supplements after the transfer. A pregnancy test is performed 10–12 days later. This period is particularly sensitive, so it is advisable to avoid stressors and physical exertion.
Every IVF process is unique and can vary according to the individual needs of the patient. Therefore, all stages must be performed under the supervision of a specialist and according to a personalized therapeutic protocol.
Couples considering In vitro treatment abroad, you can contact us at tel. 0878 500 730 for more information and assistance.
