A procedure to remove the lens of the eye and replace it with an artificial lens. Usually the lens of the eye is clear. Cataracts cause the lens to become cloudy, which eventually affects vision.
Cataract surgery is performed by an ophthalmologist on an outpatient basis, which means that hospitalization in the hospital after surgery is not necessary. Cataract surgery is a very common, and generally, safe procedure.
Why is it done?
Cataract surgery is performed to treat cataracts. Cataracts can cause blurred vision, increase glare from lights and make it difficult to perform normal, everyday activities.
A variety of lenses with different functions are available. Some types of lenses include:
Monofocal with fixed focus. This type of lens has a single focusing power for distance vision. Reading usually requires the use of reading glasses.
Accommodative-focus monofocal. Although these lenses have only one focusing power, they can respond to eye muscle movements and move the focus to near or distant objects.
Multifocal. These lenses are similar to bifocal or progressive lens glasses. Different areas of the lens have different focusing power, allowing near and far vision.
Trifocal. If significant astigmatism is present, a toric lens can help correct vision.
Determining the best lenses for each patient is done after examination and consultation with the ophthalmologist.
Cataract surgery is a seamless, bloodless and quick procedure. With this surgery, trauma to the eye is minimal and the recovery period is short.
Anaesthesia is local or, in very rare cases, general. Local anaesthesia is performed with drops or injection along the eye. Sedatives may be applied to help the patient relax during the procedure. In both local and general anesthesia cases, patients go home the same day.
Complications after cataract surgery are not common and most can be treated successfully.
The risk of complications is greater if the patient has another eye disease or a serious chronic disease. Sometimes cataract surgery fails to improve vision because of underlying eye damage from other conditions, such as glaucoma or macular degeneration. If possible, it may be helpful to evaluate and treat other eye problems before deciding on cataract surgery.
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