The in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment itself is determined by many factors related to both the male and female reproductive systems. A precise assessment of what influences success allows for the selection of the most appropriate therapeutic protocol. In both sexes, there are peculiarities that can directly affect fertility and embryo quality.
Male factors for IVF
Sperm count, motility, and morphology (male factor)
Sperm parameters are evaluated based on three main criteria and are among the most important male factors: sperm count, motility, and morphology. Reduced count, poor motility, or abnormal sperm structure decrease fertility. In such cases, the method is usually applied ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection).
Varicocele and genetic problems (male factor)
Varicocele is a dilation of the veins around the testicles, which increases local temperature and impairs sperm production. Additionally, genetic conditions such as Y-chromosome microdeletions or Klinefelter syndrome can hinder spermatogenesis. If necessary, a Genetic counseling and specialized research.
Lifestyle and external factors (male factor)
Smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, chronic stress, frequent exposure to hot environments (saunas, steam rooms), and exposure to harmful substances (pesticides, heavy metals) negatively affect sperm quality. Healthy lifestyle is key to improving treatment outcomes and the positivity of in vitro fertilization.
Joint and comprehensive assessment and female factors significantly increases the success rate of in vitro treatment. Therefore, it is important for couples to be tested together and to prepare individual plan based on a full diagnosis.
Female factors for IVF
Ovarian reserve (female factor)
Ovarian reserve indicates a woman's ability to produce eggs and naturally declines with age, especially after 35. Low ovarian reserve affects the number of eggs retrieved and, consequently, the chances of embryo development. It is assessed through AMH test, antral follicle count, and FSH level.
Ovulation pattern (female factor)
Regular ovulation is a prerequisite for natural conception. Conditions such as Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Thyroid disorders or Underweight can disrupt ovulation. In these cases, medications are used to stimulate ovulation and regular monitoring by a specialist is applied.
Uterine and fallopian tube problems (female factor)
Structural abnormalities such as Myomas, polyps, intrauterine adhesions, or congenital septa can make embryo implantation difficult. Blocked fallopian tubes obstruct the meeting between the egg and sperm. These conditions are diagnosed by Hysteroscopy or laparoscopy, and surgical correction is performed if necessary.
Hormone levels (female factor)
Hormones FSH, LH, prolactin, estrogen, and thyroid hormones are crucial for fertility. Disruptions in thyroid hormone levels, for example, can affect both ovulation and pregnancy maintenance. Therefore, hormone levels are monitored regularly and a personalized treatment plan is developed as needed.
Couples who have Reproductive difficulties and are interested in In-vitro fertilization treatment abroad, you can contact us at tel. 0878 500 730 for more information and assistance.
