Hearing Impairment - Degenerative and Vascular Diseases of the Ear
Degenerative vascular diseases are manifested by transient ischemic deafness, in which the blood supply to certain areas in the brain is disturbed, with symptomatology depending on the affected centers. Diagnosis is made using a scanner and magnetic resonance imaging, and treatment is carried out by a specialist neurologist.
Hearing impairment can result from the following diseases:
Middle ear disease: eustachian tube dysfunction, serous otitis, barotrauma, otosclerosis, tympanosclerosis.
Diseases of the inner ear: sudden deafness, immunological or genetic damage to the inner ear, ototoxic drugs. Most often it is caused by an infection that reaches it by the blood route, a complication of acute and chronic otitis, sequelae of epidemic or specific meningitis, viral intoxication of the body.
Labyrinthitis - is an inflammatory disease of the labyrinth of the inner ear that manifests with auditory and vestibular disturbances. Inflammatory processes affect the tympanic labyrinth, which most often leads to the loss of its function.
Serous labyrinthitis - occurs when toxins invade the inner ear in acute otitis, especially in scarlet fever. An inflammatory process develops, affecting sensation and audibility.
The clinical symptoms of the patients are determined by the different degree of involvement of the two analyzers in the inner ear - auditory and vestibular. Their expression depends on the mode of penetration of the infection, the severity of the developing inflammatory process and the complex neuro-reflex connections of the labyrinth with the brain structures. Immediately after the invasion of the infection, a violent reaction develops with signs of irritation of the labyrinth and its function is blocked.
Examinations include X-ray and cranial nerve examination.
The treatment depends on the severity of the condition, and in serious cases, radical trepanation is applied - sanitation of the infectious focus in the labyrinth of the inner ear.
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